What is a significant consequence of a broken water main?

A broken water main has significant implications for a water distribution system, particularly concerning pressure loss and potential contamination. When a water main breaks, it usually results in a rapid escape of water from the system. This escape creates a drop in pressure within the surrounding pipes, which can lead to several problems.

Firstly, pressure loss can cause water to flow backward in the system, pulling in contaminants from the surrounding environment. This can result in pollutants entering the water supply and making it unsafe for consumption. The risk of contamination is particularly high if the break exposes the pipe to surface water or soil, which may carry pathogens and harmful substances.

Moreover, the loss of pressure can disrupt normal water service to customers, affecting their access to clean water and placing additional strain on the system as repairs are made. Addressing a broken water main involves not only fixing the leak but also testing and ensuring water quality after the incident.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately capture the consequences of a broken water main. Improved water pressure would be an undesirable effect, and increased water temperature is unrelated to the mechanics of a break. Similarly, reduced sediment accumulation does not correlate with the immediate impacts of a break, as sediment issues are not directly associated with the failure of water mains. Therefore